In early 1895, Queensberry left a calling card at Wilde’s club inscribed with the accusation “For Oscar Wilde, posing as a somdomite [sic],” accusing Wilde of homosexuality. Wilde, incensed, decided to sue Queensberry for libel in a move that would prove disastrous.
The libel trial began in April 1895. Queensberry’s defense centered on proving the truth of the accusation—that Wilde was indeed engaged in homosexual acts, which would negate the libel claim. During the trial, Queensberry’s legal team presented evidence and witnesses to establish Wilde’s behavior, including testimonies from men who alleged sexual relations with Wilde.
Faced with mounting evidence, Wilde dropped the libel case, and Queensberry was acquitted. However, Wilde’s decision to sue publicly exposed his private life and opened him to criminal prosecution.
The Criminal Trial: Wilde Charged with Gross Indecency
After the failed libel suit, the authorities moved quickly. Wilde was arrested and charged with “gross indecency” under the Criminal Law Amendment Act. The first criminal trial began on April 26, 1895, at the Central Criminal Court (the Old Bailey) in London.
The trial was a media sensation, attracting intense public and press attention. Wilde’s defense was handled by a team of lawyers, including Sir Edward Clarke. The prosecution called several witnesses who described encounters with Wilde.
During the trial, Wilde’s demeanor was marked by his characteristic wit and composure, but the evidence seemed overwhelming. The jury was unable to reach a verdict, resulting in a mistrial.A second trial followed immediately, commencing on May 21, 1895. shutdown123